Nowadays, both the zheshan and the tuanshan are both often used as accessory in hanfu by Hanfu enthusiasts. As an increasing number of Chinese people like and attach importance to hanfu, hanfu no longer only appears in Chinese drama as in the past. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, the xiapei gained its name due to its beauty like rosy clouds (霞; xia). Sometimes, the fengguan xiapei can be further decorated with Chinese cloud collar known as yunjian. It originated from the Chinese’ round collar robe. Round fans with Chinese paintings and with calligraphy became very popular in the Song dynasty. The appearance of the xiapei appearance and construction differed depending on the time period: in the Ming dynasty, the xiapei was similar to a long scarf or stole in appearance; however, it could either be found in the shape of a stole or a waistcoat in the Qing dynasty.

The Qing dynasty is a Manchu ruler-based regime, Manchu Banner dress with the change of dynasty rushed into the customs. Starting from the public dress gradually pushed to the regular dress. When customs are dissolute and disrespectful, then rituals change and political upheaval easily occurs, thus the wearing of strange and frivolous dress creates fuyao. The Qing dynasty time to implement shaved hair and easy to dress, Shunzhi nine years (1652), the “dress color shoulder ordinance” promulgated, since the abolition of the Ming dynasty’s crowns, gowns, and all the costumes of the Han, but the Manchu dress at the same time absorbed the texture pattern of the Ming dynasty dress. 218-219 Within one year after entering China proper, the Qing rulers demanded that men among their newly defeated subjects adopt the Manchu hairstyle or face execution. However, the shaving policy was not enforced in the Tusi autonomous chiefdoms in Southwestern China where many minorities lived, and on one Han Chinese Tusi, white qipao the Chiefdom of Kokang populated by Han Kokang people. Fuyao could also refer to clothing of living people which had adopted mixed elements from the mourning attire even when there was the absence a close deceased relative. It was a notable feature of ceremonial court attire during Song and Ming dynasties.

So the “python robe and jade belt” became the most prominent attire of high-ranking officials at this time. Officials who held a lower position or did odd jobs used the magpie during the Ming dynasty. Ming dynasty phoenix crown with 9 dragons and 9 phoenixes. Ming dynasty phoenix crown with 6 dragons and 3 phoenixes belonging to Empress Xiaoduanxian. The numbers of phoenixes, dragons and precious gems on each crown is different. Fengguan literally means “phoenix crown” in English language, a name that originates from its adornments: phoenixes made of inlaid kingfisher feathers, as well as gold dragons, beaded pheasants, pearls, and other gemstones. The term zhisun originates from the Mongolian term jisün. Yang, Shaorong (2004). Chinese Clothing: Costumes, Adornments and Culture (Arts of China). Mai, Huijuan; Yang, Yimin; Jiang, Hongen; Wang, Bo; Wang, Changsui (2017-10-01). “Investigating the materials and manufacture of Jinzi: The lining of Futou (Chinese traditional male headwear) from the Astana Cemeteries, Xinjiang, China”. Zujie, Yuan (2004). Dressing the state, dressing the society : ritual, morality, and conspicuous consumption in Ming Dynasty China.

Long River Press (published 1 April 2004). p. David Faure. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. US: American Academic Press. Ensemble of jade pendants and/or jade strings which were combined with other precious materials (such as silver or gold accessories) were called jinbu (Chinese: 禁步); the jinbu were a type of yaopei (waist accessories) which were typically worn by women to press down the hemline of their clothing. It was generally made of gold, jade, pearls, and other precious materials. Tang dynasty people wore short sleeved ru (襦) and a floor-length skirt, but after the heyday of the Tang dynasty, the aristocratic costumes turned to become large and complex. After the 1950s, Zhongshan suit became the official clothing of the national leaders to the common people. Weixin Official Accounts Platform. During the Three Kingdoms period, Buddhism was introduced to Korea through China, and the Korean Buddhist monks wore Chinese style Buddhist robes, which is the Chinese-style zhiduo. The people of Ryukyu wore cross-collar upper garment called dujin (胴衣; ドゥジン), which was only worn by members of the Ryukyu royal family and by the upper-class warrior families. Straw shoes were worn by almost all people in ancient China regardless of social ranks; nomadic tribes were the exception.